Document Type
Article
Publication Date
1-22-2025
Keywords
COVID-19, pandemic, schooling, testing, mathematics
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in significant disruption in schooling worldwide. Global test score data is used to estimate learning losses by modeling the effect of school closures on achievement by predicting the deviation of the most recent results from a linear trend using data from all rounds of PISA. Mathematics scores declined an average of 14 percent of a standard deviation, roughly equal to seven months of learning. Losses are greater for students in schools that faced relatively longer closures, for boys, immigrants, and disadvantaged students. Educational losses may translate into significant national income losses over time.
Citation
Jakubowski, M., Gajderowicz, T. & Patrinos, H.A. COVID-19, school closures, and student learning outcomes. New global evidence from PISA. npj Sci. Learn. 10, 5 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41539-025-00297-3
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 International License.
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Comments
Web of Science
NPJ