Date of Graduation
12-2019
Document Type
Dissertation
Degree Name
Doctor of Philosophy in Health, Sport and Exercise Science (PhD)
Degree Level
Graduate
Department
Health, Human Performance and Recreation
Advisor/Mentor
Kavouras, Stavros A.
Committee Member
Ganio, Matthew S.
Second Committee Member
McDermott, Brendon P.
Third Committee Member
Mulvenon, Sean W.
Keywords
Copeptin; Diabetes mellitus type 2; Glucose Regulation; Hydration; Osmolality; Type 2 Diabetes; Vasopressin
Abstract
Previous evidence suggests the hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP) may be a modifiable factor contributing to hyperglycemia. Significant differences in urine concentration and copeptin, a marker for AVP, have been observed between low and high water drinkers. Purpose: The purpose was to investigate the acute effect of adequate water intake on glucose regulation in low drinkers. Methods: 7 healthy (5 males, 2 female) low drinkers were recruited using a water frequency questionnaire (WFQ), spot and 24-h urine sample (age 43±6 y, BMI 30.9±3, WFQ volume 823±403 mL∙d-1, 24 h Uosm 961±105 mmol∙kg-1, copeptin 8.17±3.05 pmol∙L-1). During two experimental protocols, participants remained in the laboratory for 11 h and were provided either the Institute of Medicine’s (IOM) recommended amount of water excluding food (males: 3 L, females: 2 L) or an amount representing the bottom quartile of water consumption observed in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (males: 0.5 L, females: 0.4 L). Food was provided to participants and standardized to body weight (100 kJ∙Kg-1) using a consistent ratio of macronutrients. Results: 11 h urine volume was significantly higher in the high water trial (P < 0.001). 11 h UOsm was significantly higher in the low water trial (P < 0.001). Plasma osmolality was acutely lower as a result of increased water intake (P = 0.007). Copeptin was suppressed as a result of high water intake (P = 0.019). Glucagon was similar between trials (P = 0.372), however, there was a main effect of water intake on cortisol (P = 0.009). No differences in plasma glucose were found due to water intake (P = 0.07). Conclusion: Acute increases in water intake do not reduce post-prandial plasma glucose responses in low drinkers, however, cortisol may be acutely reduced.
Citation
Seal, A. D. (2019). The Acute Effect of Water Intake on Glucose Regulation in Low Drinkers. Graduate Theses and Dissertations Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/3499
Included in
Biochemical Phenomena, Metabolism, and Nutrition Commons, Cardiovascular Diseases Commons, Community Health and Preventive Medicine Commons, Endocrine System Diseases Commons, Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism Commons, Preventive Medicine Commons