Date of Graduation

12-2021

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Dynamics (PhD)

Degree Level

Graduate

Department

Environmental Dynamics

Advisor/Mentor

Kvamme, Kenneth L.

Committee Member

Liner, Christopher L.

Second Committee Member

Vining, Benjamin R.

Keywords

Archaeo-geophysics; Depth Estimation; Magnetometry; Multi-height

Abstract

Magnetometry is the most widely applied archaeo-geophysical technique. Current practice standards employ the technique to map only in a two-dimensional plan view fashion, but in deep geologic studies depth estimators are routinely applied to magnetic datasets. These estimators provide three-dimensional information to magnetic source-bodies. There are many different depth estimators employed in geologic study that all require various degrees of processing complexity. This study investigates two mathematically simple techniques, half-width rules and multi-height methods. Half-width rules are likely the oldest depth estimators within the field while multi-height techniques are but a minor footnote in the literature. The applicability of these methods is first examined through computer modeling. This process involves creating simple geometric source-bodies and modeling the resultant theoretical magnetic maps. The depth estimation techniques are then evaluated in this model environment. Next, the proposed depth estimators are tested at a modern constructed test site in Illinois and three real-world archaeology sites throughout Arkansas and Tennessee. Multiple archaeological feature types are surveyed with a focus on point-source like bodies (e.g. hearths and small pits). The estimator’s accuracy is evaluated with proxy depth to source information via down-hole magnetic susceptibility logs collected at each magnetic feature. This allows a direct comparison without the need for costly excavations. Through half-width and multi-height techniques, this study aims to move archaeo-geophysical applications of magnetometry from simple plan view based survey towards true three-dimensional mapping.

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