Date of Graduation

12-2023

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Science in Geography (MS)

Degree Level

Graduate

Department

Geosciences

Advisor/Mentor

Paradise, Thomas R.

Committee Member

Davidson, Fiona M.

Second Committee Member

Tullis, Jason A.

Keywords

Archaeological; Architectural weathering; dissolution; Eureka Springs; Arkansas; Historic Preservation Masonry; limestone deterioration

Abstract

The objective of this study of the architectural limestone of the 1891 Powerhouse/Icehouse in Eureka Springs, Arkansas was to analyze the environmental factors that influenced the deterioration and surface recession of this historical stone structure. The focus of this research was to examine and establish a baseline study that may assist in future monitoring and documentation of this historic limestone structure on stone weathering. A replicable methodology was specifically created toward this baseline research in hopes that it represented a solid baseline study. Observations and data analyses revealed the relationship between the architectural limestone building structure and the dominating recession of natural and anthropogenic factors. The findings revealed two primary variables in accelerating surface recession: (a) aspect – as a surrogate measurement for insolation (solar flux) and prevailing wind and precipitation deliver, and an examination of external factors (i.e., climate, use) and internal factors (i.e., brine use in refrigeration). Western faces (260˚N) were found to exhibit the greatest recession at 7-10mm since 1871, while the eastern faces (185˚N) exhibited similar weathering at 7-10mm, however, it was speculated that this recession was a function of algal, lichen, and cyanobacteria overgrowth. Research of this nature divulged the importance of using architectural stone for estimating stone weathering factors and rates and assist us in improving future conservation practices of architectural limestone structures.

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