Date of Graduation

8-2025

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Master of Arts in History (MA)

Degree Level

Graduate

Department

History

Advisor/Mentor

Cleveland, Todd

Committee Member

Banton, Caree

Second Committee Member

Starks, Tricia

Keywords

Community Response; Ghana; Open Defecation; Public Health; Sanitation Policy; Waste Management

Abstract

Since 1987 Ghana's government administrations have implemented a number of sanitation programs to improve environmental quality and public health, These included the establishment of National Sanitation Day, the launch of the Community-Led Total Sanitation program, the introduction of the Kumasi Ventilated Improved Pit latrine, and major urban sanitation initiatives such as those in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area and Greater Kumasi Metropolitan Area. Few academics have examined how the Ghanaian people responded to these projects, despite the fact that many have examined their physical and policy components. By investigating public responses, modes of opposition, and adherence to sanitation measures over the past four decades, this study seeks to close that void. The research uses personal accounts and official documents to illustrate how economic struggles, cultural values, and a heavy dependence on government resources influenced public attitudes toward sanitation efforts. A noticeable pattern of public detachment emerged throughout the evolution of sanitation policies. This estrangement was not arbitrary; rather, it reflected broader economic, social, and historical patterns. According to the report, these public responses continuously hampered the implementation of sanitation initiatives and shaped Ghana's public health policies.

Available for download on Sunday, September 26, 2027

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