Date of Graduation

5-2026

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Bachelor of Arts in Journalism

Degree Level

Undergraduate

Department

Journalism

Advisor/Mentor

Dr. Lucy Brown

Committee Member

Dr. Bobbie Foster

Second Committee Member

Dr. Karen Sebold

Third Committee Member

Dr. Adam Pope

Abstract

This study examines the prevalence and plight of misinformation referred to as fake news found on social media. The study paid particular attention to, investigating which demographic groups are most likely to believe and disseminate fake news, as well as, understanding the kind of effect such exposure may have on individuals. To investigate these issues, a survey was developed using Qualtrics and distributed to members of the University of Arkansas community via email and group messaging platforms. To broaden the sample, the survey was also shared through the researcher’s social media networks, resulting in a more diverse group of respondents. In total, 158 observations were collected. The study aimed to answer the question of whether it was easier or harder for people who use social media more than other news sites to fall victim to fake news.  Prior to data collection, in addition to this question, four hypotheses were formulated to guide the analysis.

Results indicate that in terms of age, the largest group of respondents was between the ages of 18 and 30, most identified as Democrats, and Facebook was the most frequently used social media platform. Regression analyses were conducted to examine relationships between key independent variables; however, many findings did not reach statistical significance. The data showed there is a positive relationship between age and believing fake news found on social media (p= .011). The results suggest a positive association between age and the belief in fake news, while a negative relationship was observed between level of education and belief in fake news. These findings imply that older individuals may be more likely to believe false information, whereas higher levels of education may serve as a protective factor against susceptibility to misinformation.

Keywords

fake news; social media; disinformation; misinformation; news source; journalism

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