Date of Graduation
5-2018
Document Type
Thesis
Degree Name
Bachelor of Science in Agriculture
Degree Level
Undergraduate
Department
Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences
Advisor/Mentor
Wood, Lisa S.
Committee Member
Savin, Mary
Second Committee Member
Runkle, Benjamin
Abstract
Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels are higher than ever recorded, surpassing 400 ppm in 2013, from a pre-industrial revolution level of around 280 ppm. Researchers have been looking at methods to mitigate high CO2 levels in the atmosphere, including promoting carbon sequestration in soils. Carbon sequestration is the process where CO2 is naturally or artificially transferred out of the atmosphere and stored in the ocean, plant biomass, soils, and geologic formations. Seemingly contradictory to the notion of carbon sequestration, is the use of fire as a management treatment for the restoration of native prairie grass ecosystems. Fire combusts plant biomass and produces CO2 as one of its products, potentially leading to increased atmospheric CO2 concentrations. The first objective of this research was to determine particulate (labile) and total (labile plus stable) soil organic matter content and CO2 respiration in Woolsey Wet Prairie Sanctuary (WWPS) soil that has been restored and managed with annual burning for 10 years compared to soil from non-restored adjacent fields growing tall fescue. The first objective was accomplished by taking soil samples and CO2 respiration measurements before the 2017 annual prescribed burn. The second objective was to determine short-term temporal impacts of the 2017 annual prescribed burn on soil carbon release and storage. The second objective was accomplished by comparing CO2 respiration before the fire management in the spring, then comparing to CO2 respiration measurements taken 2, 7, 16, and 29 days post-treatment, and taking soil samples. Soil samples were taken before the 2017 annual prescribed burn, two weeks after the burn, and two months after the burn to compare short-term temporal changes to particulate organic matter (POM) and stable organic matter (OM). Results indicated high productivity in the wetland low areas with statistically greater levels of POM and OM compared to the other sample sites. Additionally, there was no statistically significant change measured in SOIL ORGANIC CARBON AND MINERALIZATION RATES 3 POM following the annual prescribed burn at any sample site, nor a statistically significant increase in CO2 respiration. The results indicate that the managed wetland area is functioning as a highly-productive carbon sink.
Keywords
carbon sequestration; fire management; prairie restoration; soil respiration
Citation
Tipton, Z. (2018). Soil Organic Carbon and Mineralization Rates at the Woolsey Wet Prairie Mitigation Site in Fayetteville, Arkansas. Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Undergraduate Honors Theses Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uark.edu/csesuht/17
