Date of Graduation

5-2026

Document Type

Thesis

Degree Name

Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering

Degree Level

Undergraduate

Department

Civil Engineering

Advisor/Mentor

Dr. Cameron Murray

Abstract

Alkali Silica Reaction (ASR) is a deleterious chemical reaction in concrete that leads to the deterioration of concrete structures. This reaction occurs between minerals present in aggregates and alkalis in the cement, and produces a gel-like substance called alkali silicate gel. Gradually, these gels absorb water from the environment and expand, leading to internal stresses in the concrete. This damage results in expansion, cracking, and deformation, reducing the strength and durability of the concrete significantly. While this damage appears minor initially, eventually they can lead to the need for costly repairs or replacement of the concrete. ASR has been observed in bridges, pavements, dams and other concrete structures in Arkansas and all over the country, stressing the urgency for more investigation into the reactivity of locally sourced aggregates. Aggregate properties vary by region, therefore understanding the behavior of materials specific to Arkansas is essential for improving concrete durability. The purpose of this research is to analyze the potential alkali reactivity of aggregates native to and commonly used in Arkansas for concrete construction. Following AASHTO T380, a standard test used to examine the effects of ASR on miniature concrete prisms, five regional aggregates were tested. Over a fifty-six-day period, the test specimens were exposed to accelerated ASR conditions and were periodically monitored for their expansion and length change. This expansion is analogous to ASR damage. By understanding which aggregates are more prone to ASR damage, the results of this study can assist engineers in selecting materials that improve the durability of concrete structures and ultimately, mitigate and prevent the effects of alkali silica reactivity in Arkansas. The work from this honor’s thesis will be used in conjunction with a broader project to propose more reliable testing regimens to screen aggregates for ASR.

Keywords

alkali silica reactivity; concrete durability; reactive aggregates

Comments

I would like to thank Dr. Murray and Shuyah Ouoba for their help, guidance, and support throughout this project.

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